OCR PE Unit 6: Sports Skills (Level 2)
Assessment Objective 1: Description of all three sports.Modern history dates back to 1863 when Rugby Football and association football split up and the Football Association was formed in England which was the first governing body of the game.
You can’t use your hands unless you are a goalkeeper and only a goalkeeper can use his hands in their own penalty box. If your touch the ball anywhere on the pitch other than the penalty boxes then it is a free kick to the opposition. If a normal player touches the ball with his hands or arms in his own penalty area then it is a penalty to the opposing team, but if he touches the ball with his hand or arm in the opposition’s box then it is a free kick.
If a player passes back to his keeper and the keeper picks the ball up then it is called a pass back and a free kick inside the box is given from where the goal keeper picks it up.
Two teams play each other on a rectangular pitch that is either grass or an artificial turf. The standard pitch size is 105m x 68m for a full sized pitch, but they can vary, the maximum acceptable length is 120m and the minimum acceptable length is 90m. The maximum acceptable width is 90m and the minimum acceptable width is 45m for a professional pitch.
The ball has to be withing a certain size range. It can be between 70cm and 68cm
There are two halves on a football pitch which are symmetrical. There is an 18 yard box and a 6 yard box and if a foul is committed inside these boxes then a penalty is given (see below). There is a centre circle and a centre spot. A kick off is taken from the centre circle at the beginning of a match or the beginning of the second half. If a goal has been scored there is a kick off to the team that conceded a goal.
To make sure the match doesn’t get out of hand a referee and two linesmen officiate. The linesmen call offside and tell the referee if they see any fouls that the referee missed. For some games there is a fourth official who will take over from the referee if he gets injured. A referee’s decision is final and if you argue with him then you could get punished. In major matches, the fourth official also controls the substitute board. A substitute board is an electronic board which you type numbers into to show the players and the crowd who is going on and off. In a professional football match each team is allowed 3 substitutes (subs for short).
Offside
Offside is when a player is behind the last defender when the ball has been passed to him but if the passer is in front of the defenders and the player he is going to pass to then it isn’t offside.
Here is a video about the offside rule:
The referee and linesmen also give - penalties, corners, goal kicks, free kicks, throw-ins and yellow and red cards.
Penalty - a penalty is a free shot on goal from the penalty spot which is twleve yards away from the goal. A penalty is given is there is a foul on a player in the opposition's penalty area.
Penalty - a penalty is a free shot on goal from the penalty spot which is twleve yards away from the goal. A penalty is given is there is a foul on a player in the opposition's penalty area.Corner-a corner is a free pass/cross from the corner of the pitch and is given when a defender kicks it behind their own goal line
Goal Kicks- a goal kick is when the goalkeeper or another player kicks the ball away from their goal. A goal kick is given when an opposition’s player kicks the ball out behind the goal line.
Free Kick- a free kick is either indirect or direct. An indirect free kick means that you can’t shoot and have to pass. A direct free kick is when you can either pass or have a shot on goal. A free kick is given when a foul is committed on an opposition’s player anywhere on the field apart from the opposition’s penalty area. A wall of players is normally put up by the keeper if it is a direct free kick
Throw in- a throw in is when a player throws the ball to a player on their own team from the touchline. You have to throw it with two hands from behind your head and if your feet are off the ground when you throw it a foul throw is given and the other team get the throw. A throw in is given when the ball is kicked out of play.
Each half of a game is usually 45 minutes but this can be shorter for youth games. After the first half the teams have a break and then play the second half. Usually the score at the end decides the result and a team can win, lose or draw. Sometimes if the game is a draw at the end of full time, they have a penalty shoot-out where it is the players trying to score against the other team’s goalkeeper. Whichever team gets most goals is the winner. This usually only happens in the finals of important competitions.
FIFA
The Fédération Internationale de Football Association is the international governing body of football, futsal and beach football. The headquarters are in Zurich, Switzerland. The current president of FIFA is Sepp Blatter. The FIFA organise and govern Football’s major competitions, a few of these are the World Cup (the Jules Rimlet Trophy), the Champions League, the European championships and the under 21’s world cup and European championships.
Football Kit
In a football kit there are t-shirts, shorts and socks. The shirts can be personalised so they have the players name normally the surname and a number.
The football kits today have sponsors, decorations and patterns. They have their surnames and any number they like that is between 1 and 99.
Great Footballers
Edison
Edison, best known as Pele, is one of the world’s best footballers of all time. He played for Brazil and was the only player to be in three world cup winning squads. In 1999 he was voted Player of the Century and Athlete of the Century. He was a prolific goal scorer and scored 1281 goals in 1363 games in total. This has made him top goal scorer of all time. Pele was a very generous man who gave vocal support to people in poverty and tried to improve their lives. When he scored his 1000th goal he dedicated it to the poor children of Brazil. Some people call him the ‘King of Football’ because of all his great moments.
Edison, best known as Pele, is one of the world’s best footballers of all time. He played for Brazil and was the only player to be in three world cup winning squads. In 1999 he was voted Player of the Century and Athlete of the Century. He was a prolific goal scorer and scored 1281 goals in 1363 games in total. This has made him top goal scorer of all time. Pele was a very generous man who gave vocal support to people in poverty and tried to improve their lives. When he scored his 1000th goal he dedicated it to the poor children of Brazil. Some people call him the ‘King of Football’ because of all his great moments.
Diego Maradona
Maradonna is the manager of Argentina and has also played for them as well. He is most famous for ‘Hand of God’. He hit the ball into the goal with his hand but the referee didn’t see it and allowed the goal. But he is regarded as one of the greatest footballers of all time despite of all this. He played in four world cups including the one in 1986 when he captained his way to victory over West Germany. Maradona is now considered one of the most controversial and newsworthy football players.Lionel Messi
David Beckham
He has played for many clubs these include Preston North End, Real Madrid, A.C Milan and Manchester United. During his time at Manchester United he won the FA Cup twice, the Premier league six times and the Champions league. He is an ambassador for the sport and does lot of work with children around the world. He was on the World Cup Bid team for England.
My Favourite player is: Gareth Bale
My Favourite player is Gareth Bale because he plays for Tottenham and has scored many wonderful goals for them. He used to play left back for Tottenham but has improved magnificently and can play Right or Left wing.
Football Competitions
UK
There are many league and tournaments in the United Kingdom. The professional leagues are the Premiership, Championship, League 1, League 2, conference national, conference square and the conference south. The premier league is the top league and the top 10 clubs currently (at 18th October 2011) in the Premiership are;
There are many league and tournaments in the United Kingdom. The professional leagues are the Premiership, Championship, League 1, League 2, conference national, conference square and the conference south. The premier league is the top league and the top 10 clubs currently (at 18th October 2011) in the Premiership are;
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
The cup competitions are FA Cup, Carling Cup and Community Shield.
The FA cup is a knockout cup competition and is the oldest cup in the world. Up to 792 clubs can enter but only one can win. It was first held in the season of 1871-1872 and the winners were Wanderers, a team formed from university players and ex-students from a public school beat Royal Engineers 1-0 at Kennington Oval with a crowd of 2000. In all rounds the rounds are only played over one leg so whoever wins one goes through to the next round. If it is a draw then extra time is played which is another 30 mins. If it is still a draw then the two teams have a penalty shoot-out. A penalty shoot-out is where the two teams take shots on goal from the penalty spot.
The Football League cup or more commonly known as the Carling cup is a knockout cup but only 96 clubs can enter. Unlike the FA cup the semi-finals and the finals are played over two legs. And if it is a draw on aggregate then they go to away goals and if that is a draw then they go to extra time then penalties. Aggregate is when the scores from each match are added together and if it is a draw then however many goals you scored at the other teams home ground count at double e.g. if it was a 3:3 draw, at the end of both legs then who ever scored the most away goals win because they count as double. Say if it was Manchester United playing Chelsea in the final and it was 3:3 and Chelsea drew 1:1 at their home ground and then it was 2:2 at Manchester United’s home ground the Chelsea would win because they scored 2 away goals and Manchester United scored 1 away goal.
Europe
There are different leagues for different countries.
· Spain -La Liga
· Italy - Serie A
· France - Ligue 1
The Spanish, German, Italian, Portuguese and Dutch leagues have some of the top players and teams in the world.
The top 10 clubs in Europe in my opinion are;
1. Barcelona
2. Real Madrid
3. Manchester United
4. Manchester City
5. Inter Milan
6. Ac Milan
7. Bayern Munich
8. Chelsea
9. Tottenham Hotspur
10. Schalke 04
The cup competitions in Europe are the Europa League and Uefa Champions league.
The Europa league is for the teams that qualify 5th or 6th in the best league in their country. It has group stages at the beginning and then goes into knockout rounds. The Europa league has recently changed its name from the Uefa Cup to the Europa League.
The Uefa champion’s league is for all the teams that finish in the top four places in their country’s top league. Like the Europa league it is group stages then knockout rounds. The knockout rounds are played over two legs. And if you go out in the knockout rounds then you can join the Europa League. The winner is regarded as the best football team in Europe until next year.
The World Cup
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| England's only World Cup winning squad, 1966 |
The top 10 countries currently are;
1. Spain
2. Holland
3. Germany
4. Uruguay
5. Portugal
6. Italy
7. Brazil
8. England
9. Croatia
10. Argentina
Football Stadiums
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| Cap Nou, Barcelona |
Before the Hillsborough disaster on 15th April 1989 when 96 people were crushed to death people stood up to watch football matches but now all stadiums have seats and you have to sit down to try and stop any more disasters like this from happening. Unfortunately this means it is more expensive to go to football matches and many people think it has ruined the atmosphere because there are less people.
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